Warsaw Pact . It was a military alliance formed by the communist countries of Eastern Europe to counteract the threats and provide themselves with legal security against the countries of Western Europe and, above all, against the military organization that brought them together, the North Atlantic Treaty (the NATO ). In this way, both organizations, constituted as political-military blocs, maintained the precarious world balance during the Cold War , and it would not be until the fall of the Berlin Wall , in 1989 , when both the Warsaw Pact and the Soviet Union would end up dissolving . .

Summary

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• 1 Antecedents
• 2Estructura
• 3 The Warsaw Pact
• 4 Objectives of the pact
• 5 Sources

Background

Inspired by a proposal from Czechoslovakia to make a common front together with Poland and East Germany , it was born thanks to the will of the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union , Nikita Khrushchev . This treaty served as a lever to improve the negotiating position of the Soviet Unionin the world and, likewise, it constituted a magnificent opportunity for the USSR to continue exerting its influence in each one of the States that made up the pact. For this reason, it was not surprising that the leadership of the Warsaw Pact General Staff was made up of Soviet soldiers who were in charge of guaranteeing coordination between the different armies. On May 14, 1955 , when the Warsaw Treaty was signed, the creation of a united armed forces headed by the Soviet Marshal Ivan Konev was also signed .

Structure

It can be said that the structure was dominated by the Soviet military, because although a General Staff made up of 40 soldiers arose, each allied country had the right to put only one person. Except for the Soviet Union, which provided the rest of the generals.”

The Warsaw Pact

The Warsaw Pact was to be the first step for the Soviet army, which until then had remained on the defensive since it did not have a nuclear arsenal, to reconsider the strategy to follow in order to become a military force that could stand up to the war. Almighty US Army.

The treaty was signed in Warsaw ( Poland ) on May 14, 1955 by Albania , Bulgaria , Czechoslovakia , the German Democratic Republic ( GDR ), Hungary , Poland , Romania , and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( USSR ).

From the mid- 1950s to the 1980s , two were the bodies that carried out the functions of the Warsaw Pact: the Political Advisory Committee and the Unified Command of the Armed Forces , both based in Moscow . Under the terms of the treaty, the Consultative Political Committee coordinated all activities, except those that were purely military, and the Unified Command of the Armed Forces exercised direction over the troops assigned to it by the member states.

Although the Warsaw Pact was officially renewed in 1985 for another twenty years, the political transformation of Eastern Europe in the late 1980s profoundly weakened the organization. The USSR began the evacuation of its troops from other Warsaw Pact countries and the GDR left the alliance to join the Federal Republic of Germany in October 1990 . All joint military functions ceased at the end of March 1991 , and in July the leaders of the six remaining member countries agreed to disband the alliance.

Objectives of the pact

1. Modernization of the Armed Forces of the members, through Soviet aid.
2. Common maneuvers.
3. Integration according to Garthoff of the air defense devices of the Eastern European countries with that of the USSR.
4. Common training system for the military forces of the Pact countries and “common coordinated action plans”.